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This release upgrades Gears to 0.5.4.2 to address a security issue with Gears 0.5.4.0 and earlier versions:

Gears Cross-Origin Worker Vulnerability
CVE: CVE-2008-5258
A vulnerability in Gears could allow an attacker to run code in the context of a site that serves user-controlled files. To exploit this, an attacker needs to upload a malicious file to the victim's site and convince the user to allow the attacker's site to use Gears.

Severity: High. Even though this requires convincing users to allow a third-party site to use Gears, it could allow data theft and cross-site scripting on sites hosting user-created content, even those that do not use Gears.
Credit: Thanks to Yair Amit, Senior Security Researcher, IBM Rational Application Security Research Team for responsibly reporting the issue to Google.